Combined indoor/outdoor Smartphone navigation for public transport travellers

Pedestrian navigation on Smartphones has recently gained high attention due to capable devices, off-board based navigation software and increased transmit rates of cellular networks. However, most of the available applications for pedestrian navigation are slightly adapted car-navigation systems and do not cope with specific requirements. Thus, in this paper we describe basic concepts of pedestrian navigation in indoor and outdoor environments. We focus on aspects of orientation and guidance for public transport travellers in complex interchange buildings. Moreover the paper describes the implementation of the proposed concepts on Off-the-shelf Smartphones.